Dusts arise from cutting, sanding and grinding operations, and can also be found when working with old lead pipes (lead oxide dust) or stripping out fibrous insulation (a very dangerous example being asbestos).
Fumes arise from a wider source of origins including welding operations, use of hazardous substances, heating metals such as lead, burning off old paints, etc.
The effects vary greatly, but examples of potential hazards include lung disease from silica dust as a result of cutting concrete, cancer from cutting and sanding hardwood dust, respiratory problems from welding fumes, and lung cancer and asbestosis from exposure to asbestos.
- Where possible, plan operations and tasks to eliminate exposure to dust and fumes.
- When eliminating dust or fumes is not possible, then exposure to dusts and fumes must be controlled.
- Use tools with dust extraction systems if possible.
- Consider the use of portable extraction equipment.
- Consider use of local exhaust ventilation where possible.
- Always use personal protective equipment and respiratory protective equipment where you may be exposed to dust or fumes.
- Ensure personal protective equipment is suitable and that you know how to use it properly, and how to maintain it.
- Always remember that other workers in the area may also require protection.